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After the Millers last week, it was the turn of the manufacturers of dry dog ​​and cat to be sanctioned by the Competition Authority. In a country of 8 million dogs and 10 million cats, groups Nestle (Purina), March (Royal Canin) and Colgate-Palmolive (Hill's Pet Nutrition) were sentenced to pay 35.3 million euros for cartel with their wholesalers.

According to the sages of the Rue de l'Echelle, Nestle and Mars agreed for five years (2004-2008) with their wholesalers, who then sold their stores croquettes (BHV Jardiland, Leroy Merlin, Truffaut …).

The two market leaders have imposed their resale prices, exclusive territorial or customer, thus limiting competition between them. Royal Canin had already been convicted in 2005 by Constable competition.

As for the subsidiary of Colgate-Palmolive, she has arranged with its veterinary wholesalers to ban the export of its products outside the Hexagon.

If Nestlé and Mars are the most heavily penalized (19 and 11.6 million fine), they nevertheless benefited from reductions of approximately 20% penalty for not contesting the facts. They also set up compliance programs to competition rules. Finally, they reorganized their distribution system and p

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As part of the Post found hanged at his place of work on Sunday in Finistere, Brittany, had documented his act. In a dossier of account, minutes of meetings, videos and audio recordings, man details his charges against the company. This is the second suicide in the Breton Post in ten days.

In the documents left behind, under forty, married with two children, due in particular that it "considers the hierarchy of the Post (all levels) to cause (s) has lost their bearings." "For over three years, I feel an eagerness, a desire hierarchical cornered me," says the executive who had been off long illness since November.

"Let me go"

"Let me go, it's my choice," he says in a document circulated by SUD. In a note called "My Requests", in which he says refuse any resuscitation, be prepared to donate organs and calls for burial "in family privacy" without "any representative of the corporate hierarchy, or other message the same hierarchy. "

In another note called "Appendix", he asked whether a pension for his family is' likely ',' getting that (s) are desperate gesture is reclassified as industrial accident. "

Among the documents, is also an email to the CEO of the Post and Jean-Paul Bailly dated March 11, the day of his death but not sent. In this mail, whose purpose is "SOS", the framework itself "back to the wall." He considers that his "career is over at the Post," saying fear, "in the best case," a shelved. "That's twice in less than six months that I prepare my suicide," he wrote.

"Everything was prepared"

Patrick Campion, SOUTH delegate in Finistère, said in the email sent on the day of his death to trade unions, he said it had "left other documents home" to the CGC, CFDT, CGT and SUD. He said he had recovered these documents Tuesday.

"We were given a shirt, a pocket where everything was prepared. In these documents included a series of letters, minutes of the account of interviews and two CDs, one with videos and one with lots of other documents, including audio recordings of conversations he had with his superiors "said Patrick Campion. For Blanchot Regis (SUD), these documents, in which part "explains how the Post has destroyed" prove the link between drama and work. The unions will ask the qualification of this accident as suicide.

A HSC held Wednesday at Vannes has voted to recognize this act as "accident service" and the cessation of ongoing or planned reorganizations, said the unions and management. In a statement after the meeting that lasted all morning, the unions also state that the HSC is to "use a certified expert on the effects of reorganization and managerial pressures."

Finally, unions and management announce "stop all ongoing reorganization and future direction of the e-Western Brittany (Morbihan and Finistère) until the publication of the findings" of the various surveys and assessments.

After Jeremy Bouan, chief executive of 28 years, has defenestrated in Rennes on 29 February, an investigation was initiated by the committee on health, safety and working conditions (HSC) La Poste de Rennes. Two others are being conducted by police and labor inspection.

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General Motors and PSA Peugeot Citroen gradually reveal the content of their historic alliance, which is reminiscent of that between Renault and Japan's Nissan. If such comparisons seem indispensable for international car manufacturers, as the competition is tough, what about in terms of French jobs? "Better buy a Toyota Yaris produced in France, a Renault Dacia produced in Romania," Nicolas Sarkozy launched late January, as an example of the preference to "Made in France" to boost employment in France. Is it that simple? Not in the auto sector, meet Philippe Very and Emmanuel Metais *, professors at EDHEC Business School.

Emmanuel Metais Photo credits: © Hervé THOUROUDE-Mobile: 06 16 29 62 08 – Email: rvthouroude@yahoo.fr

Who will be the big loser of the arrival of Free Mobile? While Orange, Bouygues and Vivendi have just published their annual results and must submit his Free Thursday, the operators have their accounts.

In only six weeks, Free Mobile would have earned 1.5 million customers, according to estimates by Stéphane Richard, CEO of France Telecom. Free for now refuses to confirm.

But everyone sees what he lost. Orange said 400,000 of its customers had left for Free Mobile. Bouygues Telecom, a quarter of customers since January parties have joined Free Mobile or 134000. SFR did not elaborate, but analysts said it could provide around 300,000 customers Free Mobile.

500,000 net new subscription

It remains to evaluate clients lost by MVNOs, network operators without these, like Virgin Mobile, La Poste Mobile, Auchan Telecom, etc.. "Some of these operators have lost heavily at the start of Free Mobile. While some have reacted very quickly, it was to stop the bleeding. They have de facto acted as shock absorbers for Orange, SFR and Bouygues, "said one analyst.

MVNOs with models based on commitment and with a strong distribution network suffered the least. And NRJ Mobile, which has 90% of customer engagement in and benefits from the network of bank branches CM-CIC, has limited the damage. The operator that displays 1.1 million customers continued to win in January, before losing around 5,000 in February. "Ultimately, MVNOs may have lost between 200,000 and 300,000 customers," said one analyst.

Summing up all these figures, Free Mobile would have earned about a million customers in the market in its various competitors. The remaining 500,000 would net creation, that is to say, new subscriptions. Given its attractive price, consumers who already have a subscription and can be subscribed to the offer 2 euros (EUR 0 Free for subscribers) as a second subscription or subscription relief.

One thing is certain: the fierce competitive battle was triggered not leave room for all operators and everyone is fighting for its survival.

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In an interview with Le Figaro magazine, the head of state said he hopes to hold a referendum on the rights and duties of the job seekers. In the future reform that calls for the compensation of the unemployed "is not an allowance is touched passively", but the consideration for the training that will follow. "After this training, which becomes mandatory, the unemployed will be required to accept the first offer of employment corresponding to the occupation for which he has been trained," said Nicolas Sarkozy.

Already, job seekers are subject to obligations of this type. Since the Act of 1 August 2008 on the Rights and Duties of job seekers, denial of training or a job offer is indeed punishable.

According to this text, the unemployed person establishes with his counselor that employment center called a "personal project of access to employment." Specifically, are reviewed the experience of the job seeker, the type of job he seeks, his training, salary expectations, geographic preferences … All this – updated every three months – to define the contents of the famous "reasonable job offer", also introduced by the 2008 Act, that the unemployed can not refuse more than twice.

"Mini-jobs"

In case of double unjustified refusal, the unemployed person is removed from lists of employment center. The penalty is two months, during which it does not affect unemployment benefits. The same penalty applies if not responding to a summons from the employment center or refuses to develop his personal project. In case of refusal of an offer of training, the radiation is reduced to a period of 15 days. In principle, the more time passes since registration at employment center, less the unemployed may be demanding, at least in the geographical and salary plans. After a year, only paid less than the amount of compensation may be denied.

This tightening of compensation has been implemented in many European countries since the early 1990s. Germany in particular, the reform called "Hartz IV", initiated by the Schröder government since 2002, reduced the duration of benefits for job seekers to a period of 12 months, and forces the unemployed to accept all types of employment, including "mini-jobs" low paid. According to a recent report, if this reform has clearly helped to reduce unemployment across the Rhine, it also helped to increase the share of part-time jobs and impoverishing an entire segment of the population.

Radiation

In France, however, radiation for refusing reasonable offers of employment are rare. First, because the job seeker sets himself the criteria of this reasonable offer. It can also, if he wishes not occupy this or that particular position, voluntarily miss a job interview … "It would be productive to force against job seekers to accept any offer, justify one employment center. They are not motivated, quickly find themselves the way of employment center, and businesses, for their part, would not want to use us. "  

"In fact, the 2008 law has not really changed practices, confirms Tuchszirer Carole, a researcher at the Centre for Employment Studies (EEC). When she came into force, the economic crisis has changed the order of priorities, putting at the forefront of unemployment compensation, and making it more difficult proposition of job. "

Since the entry into force of the law, the number of administrative radiation has also not increased, however: last December, some 40,000 people have been de-listed employment center, against 50,000 in December 2007. Unemployed essentially excluded from compensation for failing presented at a meeting, rather than refusing an offer or training. As recalled by Nicolas Sarkozy in his interview with Le Figaro magazine, 75% of requests for training the unemployed are not met.  

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As to give grist to G20 ministers meet farm late Friday morning in Cannes, the FAO food price index released yesterday registered a sharp decline after months of increases. It stood at 216 points in October, its lowest level in 11 months. "Prices nevertheless remained generally higher than last year and remain very volatile," says to FAO, the UN Food and Agriculture.

The fight against price volatility in agricultural commodities is precisely the heart of the priorities that the ministers of agriculture have taken in June in Paris during the holding of a special agricultural G20. These will draw Friday a first assessment of this work."The challenge for leaders is to find ways to constrain the natural volatility of the courses without mask or minimize the aggravating factors which tend to look the part of financial markets," said Didier Rousseau, expert industry the agri-food consulting firm Weave Same day payday loans. Volatility can be explained according to the expert by "the increase in global food demand, the emergence of biofuels or the occurrence of weather-related disasters."

The five commitments that will be discussed and reviewed at the G20 agricultural Cannes

• Establishing information system on agricultural markets (AMIS). Hosted by the FAO global database that aims to improve transparency and information on agricultural markets of four major crops for food security (wheat, rice, corn, soy).

"What will happen if the people say no? The risk is that the international community shuts off the money and the country will eventually leave the euro. There is matter of serious concern investors, "said Christoph Weil for his part, an analyst at Commerzbank. As for the CM-CIC analysts, the referendum "opens a Pandora's box about the size of the losses to be borne by financial institutions."

At a time when Thiriet just walk on its turf, the company put more than ever on its local image no fax payday loans.

On May 15 the "outraged" Spaniards camped in the square of Puerta del Sol in Madrid. Borrowing their name to the pamphlet by Stephen Hessel, they said they were inspired by the Arab Spring to shout their rebellion against the explosion of unemployment and austerity policies implemented by the government … Since then, the challenge has been extended in the rest of Europe but also overseas. Five months after the birth of the movement in Spain, in 82 countries is that these "outraged" will show this Saturday, October 15. Zurich to New York, to Rome, Tijuana, Hong Kong and Johannesburg, calls have been launched in 951 cities worldwide.

Their message to politicians and financial elites, as can be read on the site 15october, is: "The powers that be working for the benefit of some ignoring both the will of the majority that the price human and environmental we pay. This intolerable situation has to stop. "On the site of the movement Occupy Wall Street, the tone is the same:" The thing we all have in common is that we are the 99% who will not tolerate any longer the greed and the corruption of the remaining 1%. "In Italy, the program is summarized as follows: "Occupation of public places by millions of people who do not want to pay the enormous economic and social crisis in the place of those who have caused: political power industrial, economic and financial" .

No central authority

This day of action is to cross an important milestone in the movement, which now acquires an international dimension. "It was needed to make weight against the power of financial markets that operate on a global scale," says Sophie Banasiak, "indignant" Paris.

However, there is no central body to coordinate the different actions. "If the collective Democracia Real Ya played a leading role in the initial mobilization in Spain, he does not prevail, either in the capital of the country or world, Heloise said Nez, a sociologist at the University Paris 13.Many groups are working together, but none have hegemony over the movement horizontal and egalitarian aims. There is no visible head and outraged caregivers to regularly change the voice online pay day loans. "

"If someone asks you 'who is behind it', they reply: 'I'" retorted on those who seek the organizers. The spread of a city or country to another must be spontaneous, for emulation. A process greatly facilitated by social networks, where multiple keywords are emerging, such as "yeswecamp", "# yosoy15O", "# event15oct" or "# Globalrevolution" … "I do not even know exactly who launched the idea of ​​the October 15, recognizes Spyros, OccupyLSX supporter of the movement in London.We have seen that call for Saturday and it was inspired by the movement Occupy wall street to do the same thing here. "

Specific demands of each country

If dissatisfied with the world found common denominators, claims and complaints are divided again according to national issues. In Spain, Real Democracia Ya accent has been on the reform of the electoral law to end the two-party system as well as stopping the evictions of indebted owners. In Anglo-Saxon countries, it is mainly finance, pointed as responsible for the crisis, which is targeted. Witness the names of the movements that develop, "Occupy Wall Street" and "Occupy London Stock Exchange (OccupyLSX)." In Israel, the mobilization is the expensive housing while in Italy, the outraged refuse to pay "a debt they have incurred."But all these central issues do not prevent each protester to express other concerns. In Spain some point impunity surrounding crimes of Francoism and the United States is denounced police brutality or the death penalty …

Above all, each city retains its autonomy: information flows globally, but "decisions, they, are taken at meetings in every city, Banasiak said Sophie. Each city chooses its own way of decision. In Paris and Madrid for example, is the consensus. The international dimension does not change the fact that the essence of the movement is local: it is in the physical encounter and dialogue in the streets. "

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The U.S. stock markets resist panic that has driven down European shares on Monday. At the close, the Dow gained 0.63% to 10,061.12 points, the Nasdaq climbed 1.10% to 2495.09 points and the S & P is 0.70% to 1162.27 points.

Very hesitant, the indices increased to rise at the very end of the session after the Financial Times announced that Italy has asked China to perform major purchases of its sovereign debt. Senior Italian officials told the FT that Lou Jiwei, the chairman of China Investment Corp (CIC), was the head of a delegation that went to Rome last week to meet with Finance Minister Giulio Tremonti and as responsible for the Cassa Dspositi e Prestiti.

In addition, investors seemed anxious not to pass down the technical threshold of 1140 points on the S & P 500 (he flirted with during the day)."If we can not maintain this level, the next support is around 1120 points," said Marc Pado, an analyst at Cantor Fitzgerald.

U.S. operators, such as Europe and Asia, however, remain very concerned about Greece. They fear it will not be able to meet these budget commitments, which threaten to bankrupt the country and aggravate the crisis in Europe. The German Minister of Economy Philipp Rösler has also not ruled out a bankruptcy ordered Greece to save the euro.

These uncertainties have weighed heavily on European banking stocks, weighed down by their exposure to sovereign debt but also by fears about their solvency and funding.

Busy schedule for

United States, Barack Obama will submit to Congress today plan to revive the economy and employment announced Thursday.The president renewed his call "to Congress to adopt this bill, which contains the kind of proposals to grow the economy and create jobs."

Week is low in business results – the retailer Best Buy and diverse manufacturing Pall is the only component of the S & P 500 to publish figures – investors will focus primarily on a series of macroeconomic indicators.The latter include retail sales, the producer prices and consumption as well as statistics on the manufacturing sector.

Note, however, leading indicators of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) published this morning, reporting a "slowdown" of the world's major economies.

Oil climbs the slope

In the wake of renewed tensions, the euro remained sharply lower against the greenback Monday, falling below $ 1.35 even briefly, due to another bout of market panic response to the crisis in Europe. End of the session in Paris, the single European currency was worth 1.3645 dollars against 1.3649 dollars on Friday night. Earlier, the euro fell to 1.3495 dollars, its lowest level since Feb. 16. The euro also fell to its lowest level in a decade against the yen. The euro bought 104.64 yen against 105.91 yen Friday.In the early morning, the euro fell to 103.90 yen, its lowest level since June 2001.

Oil prices have them finished up in New York Monday, bouncing after suffered early in the day of the depressed European stock markets. On the New York Mercantile Exchange, a barrel of "light sweet crude" for October delivery ended at 88.19 dollars, up 95 cents from Friday. "All the elements seemed to fall together in oil prices. I do not know why they are up now. I talked to brokers in the trading room, everyone is scratching their heads, "said Rich Ilczyszyn, broker at MF Global. As equity markets, it evokes a technical reason "because of coverage positions."

Broadcom target NetLogic

The side of values, Bank of America (0.86% to 7.04 dollars) on Monday announced it would cut about 30,000 jobs "in the coming years", or just over 10% of its workforce, in As part of the first phase of a major restructuring.

The chip maker Broadcom (-1.11% to 33.07 dollars) plans to buy NetLogic Microsystems (50.80% to 48.01 dollars) to $ 3.7 billion (2.7 billion euros) to develop its line of chips for wireless networks. The announcement helped to bring the technology sector.

The French group Technip Engineering said Monday the acquisition of the entire capital of the U.S. Global Industries (51.07% to 7.78 dollars), a specialist oil services submarines, based on a valuation of $ 1.07 billion (770 million).Technip will pay $ 8 cash per share, Global Industries, a premium of 55% over the closing price of its prey Friday night on Wall Street.

For its part, the online retailer Amazon (2.45% to 216.56 dollars) would be in discussions with publishers to launch a book rental service digital subscription, said Sunday the Wall Street Journal in its edition line.

After the unexpected departure of the patron saint of Internet giant Yahoo!, Carol Bartz, rumors of a union between Yahoo! (-1.48% To 14.27 million) and AOL (0.14% to 14.74 dollars) have resurfaced. The CEO of the Internet service provider America, Tim Armstrong, have consulted with investment companies to test investor appetite for a reconciliation between the two groups advance Bloomberg.Tim Armstrong become the leader of the group.

For his part, Hertz Global (-1.73% to 9.66 dollars) has extended the date of its offer for Dollar Thrifty (0.05% to 64.92 euros) Automotive Group (DTG) until November 1 .

Wynn Resorts (2.19% to 151.68 dollars) through its subsidiary, Wynn Macau has announced the acquisition of land over 20 hectares to the government of Macau for approximately $ 193 million. The plot, located on the Cotai area, should allow the development of a resort and recreation.