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To tout its cars to French consumers, Renault has found nothing better than to tell them all the good we think of the Rhine: "The Germans had never worn if the colors of the Renault group," proclaims a full-page advertisement inserted recently in several major newspapers. And a huge flag Germanic, where the yolk was replaced by the orange Renault, is quoted the testimony of three magazines giving high marks to the products of the firm to diamond.

In a completely different note, our brother Le Monde has published a major survey of its specialist art entitled "The German art is greater" (sic).Dealing with three exhibitions held this fall in Paris (Baselitz, Lüpertz and Richter), journalist and university Philippe Dagen highlights the quality of their training, the dynamism of their collectors and regionalization of their art centers, ensuring competition . After having watered three centuries of sublime music, will they outdo us again?

The admiration of Germany has become the national sport on the left bank of the Rhine. "It will take time to go to a joint work, we must move towards a common retirement age, it will move towards convergence of economic and social organization of our two countries," recommended last month François Fillon, in a speech at Matignon.The Prime Minister handed "the price of creative audacity!" The finger of suspicion towards the merger, given the respective performances, 150 billion trade surplus with them, 75 billion deficit at home, 6.9% unemployment there, by 9.2%. And then this terrible figure, which summarizes and explains its own precedents: from Munich to Hamburg, we continue to manufacture 5.3 million cars, with no change in recent years, while French car production fell by 3.2 2 million in five years.

Our guide would rather "fear of the police"

For their part, manufacturers are Germanic full of praise that they braid.Witness the latest ad Opel France on the radio on the bottom of a thundering speech in the language of Goethe, this comment means voice-over: "No need to understand German to know that Opel is German quality. "

Narcissism which the Germans, like all people, are tempted to succumb long history. Just remember the famous phrase of Richard Wagner: "To be German means to do something for herself." Taste for work well done. The composer of Bayreuth, revered by the French intellectual circles of the second half of the nineteenth century despite the defeat of 1870, speaking at a time when industrialization took off in all Europe bad credit personal loan lenders. Wagner wanted to stigmatize the mercantile spirit and the Anglo-Saxon capitalism. The industrial Germanic still close artisans described in his opera The Maîtrbaes Singers, the contrary does not care that the quality of its products.National competition of capitalism was raging. So much so that London had mandated in 1887 to register the trademark "Made in Germany" on products from Berlin. It was a way to deter British consumers to buy them. In vain, because they had quickly perceived the letters as a synonym for excellence.

Reforms "imposed" in Brussels

Our current debates on the tropism of both industrial and financial capital of others have nothing new. It is tempting to attribute the course to specific national cultural roots. The philosopher and sociologist Theodor Adorno, hardly suspected of complacency vis-à-vis the countries that had pushed him into exile, invoked "the great German ideas that celebrate independence with excitement, the purity of the things that the we only for themselves. "

The French seem all the more admirable that such principles are totally foreign. Our guide would rather "fear of the police" that the search for autonomy. Our drivers are less concerned about road safety control radars. Our governments are concerned with reducing budget deficits to meet the rating agencies and the "Maastricht criteria". The reforms we are "imposed" in Brussels, says it for ages. The euro was sold to the public as a "shield" and not as an instrument of independence, etc..

Renault advertisers are part of a powerful ideological trend in France when they refer to the standards of the Rhine. That Germany is a reference-ministerial in Paris, it is called "benchmark" – is obvious, considering its size and its results.That we should draw on the successes of others is also clear. But can we trace our tax on Germany not adjust the level of public spending (over 10% of GDP at home)? Lack of guiding principles, we simply stack the remedies indiscriminately. "Against unemployment, we tried everything!" Claimed pathos with François Mitterrand. One wonders if Wagner had not just right when he treated the French as "monkey people" (1864).

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The story is she about to repeat itself? As in 2008, when Belgium, France and Luxembourg had given government guarantees the bank Dexia shareholder governments pledge to support the Franco-Belgian bank which could be dismantled. "The Belgian and French States will meet present as in 2008," assured the French minister of Finance, Baroin, on the sidelines of a meeting with his EU counterparts in Luxembourg. Luc Frieden, Luxembourg's finance minister, also said that his country would play an active role in restructuring the bank.

Governments will particularly seek to support the activity of deposits in Belgium "by a guarantee of the deposits."Concerning the activity of loans to local authorities, which represents about 80 billion euros of assets, Baroin ensures that "whatever happens, we set up a quick and effective solution that will ensure a lack of drop charge this important activity. "

A cash injection, similar to that of 2008 which had led to bail out the bank to the tune of 6.4 billion euros is it to the agenda? No response yet from the French minister who is content to repeat that "States will meet present as in 2008." A source close to the talks for his part, told Reuters that recapitalization was not provided.

The creation of a "bad bank" proposed

Most talkative, the Belgian Finance Minister Didier Reynders confirmed discussions around the creation of a "bad bank" structure that will isolate the non-performing assets and portfolios of the bank. "There was much talk of a bad bank, a few possibilities," he said business card. "We need to look at how to change this group. We must remove all the dangerous parts of the bank, this is where the state guarantees come into play then we can give guarantees to customers, both depositors or solicitors of credit. "

Intended as reassuring, Didier Reynders recalls that "there is no reason to be of major concern about this group if we continue to accelerate the disposal of assets.Both France and Belgium are ready to provide a guarantee for Dexia's funding, regardless of the form it takes. "

Replica

Earlier in the morning, France and Belgium had already declared their support for the bank. "As part of the restructuring of Dexia, the Belgian and French, in conjunction with central banks will take all necessary measures to ensure the security of depositors and creditors. To that end, agree to bring their guaranteed funds raised by Dexia, "explained a joint finance ministers of two countries. Baroin said that the crisis in Franco-Belgian bank "is a replica of the Great Depression of 2008."

At the Paris Bourse, these guarantees seem to be a little effect.Dexia shares had lost up to 38% in the morning, cut its losses and was down from 16.46% to 1.086 euros on a market down 2.84% to 13.30. But caution is when a special meeting of the Belgian government is expected Tuesday evening "to take stock."

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The automotive sector is on the alert. As shown in Le Parisien on Saturday, Brussels would consider tax per liter of diesel in Europe from 8 to 15% more than gasoline. A directive to this effect must be examined by the European Parliament in November for an application expected in 2013. Objective: To fight against this highly polluting energy, used by nearly 7 million cars in Europe.

The European Commission highlights the paradox between a cleaner gasoline and cheaper duty-sold more expensive at the pump, and diesel more expensive duty free, massive source of emissions of fine particles hazardous to health, and less expensive for motorists. She said outside the UK, the tax treatment of petrol and diesel in Europe is "flawed" and needs the overhaul.

Concern

For manufacturers, the news comes at the worst time.These are already working on the application in 2014 of Euro 6, which calls for reducing carbon emissions and fine particles. This standard requires them to implement expensive technology on diesel vehicles that will increase the price of these cars from 1500 to 2000 euros pay day loans. What scare away customers. If in addition the price of a liter of diesel fuel were to increase significantly, the diesel car market could collapse.

The Committee of French Automobile Manufacturers believes that the introduction of this directive in France could lose 20 points of market share on the sale of diesel cars. In the columns of Paris, its president, Patrick Blain, worried: "The decline in production in French factories (on the cutting edge in the field of diesel, ie) would inevitably have social consequences," he warns.

Professionals and individuals may also choose to get rid of their cars too expensive, which could lead to plummeting prices of diesel cars. "It may be possible to adopt transitional measures that will leave everyone time to adjust," said he.

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Delivery today in Seattle, industrial seat Boeing 787 Dreamliner's first B to All Nippon Airways (ANA), the company's launch long-haul next-generation American, is good news for the French aerospace industry. The latter was, for the first time, closely associated with the development of Boeing and has also lived in the pace of industrial failures and flexible program that accuses more than three years behind its original commitments.

Before the Dreamliner, Boeing's cooperation with subcontractors, but former French was limited. "Boeing has opted for the CFM-56 engine, co-developed by GE and Safran, to equip its B 737 and he turned to Dassault Systèmes to draw the B 777," says Yves Galland, president and CEO of Boeing France."The implantation depth of French aviation has made possible and with as Boeing 787 B is increased from 2 to 14 partners meeting in the French Team Boeing. We now work with hundreds of French companies, "says the CEO.

When Boeing launched the program in 2004, he decided to review its parallel in industrial organization by giving up 80% of the unit to major partners. It launches international tenders and the French make a lot. Some drop their first contract with Boeing. This is the case Latécoère that provides long-haul passenger doors of (8 air).

"For the first time a French industrialist involved in the structure of an American plane," said Yves Galland. Once a foot in the door, Latécoère won a second contract to supply the cargo doors of the B 777.For his part, Messier-Bugatti a world first on an airliner: the design of the electric brakes B 787. "After winning the contract, Messier Bugatti was referenced on the B 737 to replace the brakes," said Yves Galland no fax cash advance. For its part, Labinal was selected for the wiring of the unit, or a hundred kilometers to install per machine. A particularly crucial position on the B 787 presented "as the more electric aircraft ever designed."Just as the power conversion system entrusted Thales was also selected for in-flight entertainment and integrated flight displays.

23,000 jobs created in France

A total of ten French companies, among which there are also Zodiac, which will provide 100% of the seats of 55 B 787 ordered by ANA and management systems and waste water and slides, Dassault Systems (Catia) Messier Dowty Michelin and boarded the program which counts 821 orders from 56 airlines.According to several experts, the B 787 alone should generate between 600 and 800 million dollars in sales per year for the French industrial partners.

In total, Boeing 787 and B have shown "significantly more" than $ 4 billion purchase of components and assemblies to the French aerospace industry, 80% are made in France. Of this total, $ 2.8 billion came from direct purchases. The U.S. giant has generated 23,000 jobs in France and half direct. "Boeing buys in France ten times more value than it sells," said Yves Galland noting that Boeing will be exported to France three aircraft this year.

The rise of French subcontractors will not stop there. The "Boeing French team" is growing to meet from 17 to 18 members by 2012.

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This year again, the market shelves is essentially … the Apple iPad, despite an influx of competing products on the market. "Other manufacturers are struggling to create the right set-shelf applications to counter Apple," says Kirk Campbell, CEO of IDC. Samsung advanced course in second place world ranking producers of tablets, but it is still far behind the iPad. "RIM, the maker of BlackBerry, will come with an improved product. It retains its chances of success, "said the boss of IDC, while sales of PlayBook, the first tablet of RIM, have not changed the world rankings.

"There's always room for one leader in the business world," said Kirk Campbell.Indeed, users have iPads'm more likely to want to use it in a professional, IT departments are often the resistance, finding the subject too insecure. "The market remains very open shelves and Apple will sell mechanically market share," said Kirk Campbell. However, the firm at the apple still have good days ahead. If Microsoft Tuesday unveiled a new Windows Tablet 8 can equip, no product should be on the market before the end of 2012. Accordingly, IDC does not anticipate any real rebound in the PC market before that date.Then, computer sales are expected to further growth in France, with the arrival of the new Windows, but also new forms of computers and especially ultrabooks These extra thin and light PC Faxless payday loans.

Sales of smartphones are also expected to continue to grow, reaching four billion euros, an increase of 33% at the end of 2011. About 12 million handsets will be sold in France this year. "This increase meets the mobility needs of consumers," said Kirk Campbell, for whom the main battle takes place on the side of operational systems. If for the moment the landscape is dominated by IOS (Apple) and Android (Google), "there is room for five or six players, according to Kirk Campbell. There will be regional solutions. Remember that the Chinese are still not entered the race. "In France, Bada, the operating system from Samsung that plays the third male. Korean is also passed by Apple in July. Android now holds more than 50% of the French market of smartphone sales, against 17.7% for Bada (which equips Samsung Wave) and 17% for iOS Apple.

"The future cars will be connected devices" said Kirk Campbell, who predicted the establishment of a new economic model that would allow manufacturers to generate recurring revenue by selling subscription services. Ford has already extensively engaged in this way with Sync.

After one was missed, France Televisions has returned an offensive with hundreds of new programs. Taking risks assumed by Rémy Pflimlin, the CEO of the past year. It provides time to install new brands and develop its digital strategy.

The FIGARO. – What are your ambitions in terms of audiences for the group?

Remy PFLIMLIN. – The introduction of DTT has weakened the historic three channels and we have two. But France Television is not only judged on the hearings, as specified in the law. However, we must be the first French broadcasting group with our channel France 2, France 3, France 4, France 5 and France Ô. All must remain above the 30% audience share.

How do you explain the hearings erratic France 2?

For economic reasons, summer programs in France two were very different from those of the season. We have spent reruns and a program, "Five tourists" who have gone wrong. We dropped during the day and have paid cash. But with the return, the big appointment with Sophie Davant, Laurent and Stephane Bern Ruquier back.

France Televisions will invest 420 million euros in creation. Where do you get the money?

This amount represents an increase of twenty million euros a year. This is affordable in a cost grid for all channels 2 billion. To finance it, we will make arbitration on purchases and program flow.

You run one hundred new programs.Is it ambitious?

We offer 50 new programs on our five channels and 50 new regional programs of France 3. It is necessary to take risks because we absolutely need to innovate to install in the new period of strong brands as are a French village and more beautiful life.

Where's the advertising revenue?

We have budgeted 425 million euros in advertising revenue for the year 2011 against 440 million last year. In late August, we are still OK and I think we will hold the budget for the year.

You signed a contract with the State and sustain the revenue for five years. All can be challenged after the presidential elections?

We signed a contract objectives and resources with state ownership for five years on the basis of the strategic plan that we presented.For five years, the resources paid by the state are sustained and grow by 2 no teletrack payday loan.2% per year. In addition, our commercial revenues, advertising and diversification, we will be acquired. France Televisions thus acquires the necessary stability to build the company unique and long-term work with the world of creation. The company, the creators, the State and Parliament have an interest in maintaining that stability.

What is the social aspect?

We should sign in the coming days a collective agreement with the 2520 group of journalists and then we will negotiate the provisions concerning the technical and administrative staff, which represents 7,900 people. Over time, wages, hours and qualifications will be harmonized. This will have a cost but an investment that will pay off in productivity and simplified structure.In terms of attrition, which runs until 2012 and on 900 stations, we should see 550 starts, some of which permit and enable the recruitment of new skills including digital.

That represent the digital in five years?

The digital will be involved in the group. We will develop an information platform in November and another sports in spring 2012. Our role is to be an editor own content (information, drama, sport, culture …) that will become a commodity that we will provide all the screens. With the spread of television connected, it will be essential to have strong brands belong to us. Thus, we will not be dependent on American series to be broadcast directly by U.S. companies.

What is your position on the chains bonus?

On principle, I support the diversity of supply. On the economic front, although this is less about France Televisions, I note that many players call for a pause to allow to "digest" the introduction of DTT. With regard to the broadcast standard DVBT2, I have no principled position. But it is certainly worth, at this pivotal time, to ask any questions. For there is the issue of bonus channels, there are new channels announced, there is also the arrival of HD channels available. All this requires a resource that is often valuable, and called a real strategic choice. I look forward to the report of Michel Boyon.

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Washington, our correspondent

Dominique Strauss-Kahn said goodbye as expected Monday afternoon in Washington with his colleagues in the IMF. Refusing to say more, the spokesman confirmed that DSK was also "briefly" met with Christine Lagarde before. It was "private meetings" held at the request of DSK and that the press was not invited.

The IMF staff was asked to say "goodbye" in a room usually devoted to the headquarters press conferences. Tea and coffee were served. Dominique Strauss-Kahn is mounted on the platform to speak for ten minutes. He wanted not only to greet his colleagues, but he also apologized twice "for the harm done" to the institution.

A lot of people to greet him was in a hurry. "Several hundred" witnesses said. "He was applauded.The atmosphere was warm, "commented one frame. Many, especially women, especially African, wanted to be photographed with him.

DSK told his audience of the importance of imagination in the IMF mission. He also said that if their recommendations had been followed eight months ago, Europe would not be where it is today.

A popular leader

The ousted boss of the IMF gave no indication of its political intentions or professional on his return to France. He however praised the speech made Saturday by Christine Lagarde warned that the G20 leaders risk of relapse into recession and the need to practice in the short term even the stimulus spending quick cash.

The former CEO had arrived with his wife Anne Sinclair to 3:30 p.m. at the wheel of his Audi.He chose to enter quietly through the underground garage and left the same way.

Dominique Strauss-Kahn was popular with staff. He recognized great qualities to have changed the image and practices of the IMF during the financial crisis. The institution is now much more visible in debates on the reforms to be implemented to combat the crisis. It is emerging as a kind of secretarial and "think tank" of the G20, while providing enormous resources urgently to stabilize countries in crisis.

Critics of economic policies made by the IMF are more biting than in the past. The contribution of funds to support plans to indebted countries in the euro area is crucial, both in terms of funding and conditionality. Provided the results of these plans are not yet up to the expectations.And recommendations to the rich countries do not seem to be better monitored than before.

Employees recognize the IMF provided that their favorite patron has made huge mistakes personal trial and that the abandonment of criminal proceedings against him can not be the "whitening" or erase their mistakes.

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Apple becomes the world's largest "portable" across all categories, ie, taking into account both PCs and tablets. The Apple brand has sold 13.6 million against 9.7 million laptops for HP, relegated to second position. Apple has a performance to 10.7 million iPads that have been sold worldwide in the second quarter. 65% of this market.

In the past three months, sales of tablets exploded 400% to $ 16.4 million, while those of notebooks have eaten 2% to 48 million copies. "The growth of the market shelves beginning to be at the expense of laptops," said Richard Shim, analyst at Display Search Senio, thus justifying the merger of these two product categories in the studies.

And behind the two market leaders, the battle continues.Acer has recorded the largest decline, with sales volumes plunged by 12% in one year. The Taiwanese are heavily penalized by the failure of his tablets. However, Samsung and Dell posted the best gains, with growth of 44% and 33%.

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The Asian market does not yield to panic. After closing up slightly Wednesday, several Asian stock markets are divided down Thursday, but less pronounced than Wall Street and in Europe the day before. In Tokyo, the Nikkei 225 is again in the red, falling 1.04% to 8945.12 points after finishing up 1.05% yesterday.

Of the places in China, Hong Kong the Hang Seng 1.45% yield while the composite index of Shanghai Stock Exchange rose 0.68% to 1134.65 points. In Seoul, the Kospi index is left in the green, up 0.71% to 1819.14 points after plunging by 4% in early trade.

Investors remain concerned, however, fearing another recession in the United States and a spillover of the crisis of debt in the eurozone payday loan lenders. The gold and reached new records, crossing first the maximum 1800 dollars.It was worth 1814.50 dollars in the morning before going down to 1785 dollars. Another safe haven, the yen appreciates, and is worth 76.63 dollars, against 76.83 the previous day.

Oil also set off again down in Asia. Yet he had resisted the panic the day before with the announcement of a dramatic and unexpected decline in crude inventories in the United States. In morning trading, a barrel of "light sweet crude" lost 79 cents to 82.10 dollars and that of Brent North Sea fell by 1.10 dollars to 105.58 dollars.

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In the night from Friday to Saturday, S & P downgraded the rating of the United States, from "AAA" to "AA +". This historic announcement, which comes as the markets have closed a black week, plunged the financial world into the unknown. Munis Hassim, professor at the Institut d'Etudes Politiques de Paris, explains why such degradation threatens the U.S. economy, the first world power, and identifies the situation to that of Japan in the 1990s.

Is the degradation of the notes of the United States plunges us into a new crisis?

The fact that the United States lose their triple-A means that they have a slightly higher probability of defaulting. But by switching to "AA +", this probability is very low. Moreover, experts and analysts do not believe at all a failure to pay the largest economy in the world. So there is no reason to panic.However, the multiple consequences which such degradation can they prove to be very disturbing.

For example?

The fact that S & P has dared to sacrifice the American note puts enormous pressure on other countries rated AAA, particularly in Europe as the UK or even France. This announcement will fuel fears of a contagion of degradation of notes, when the markets seemed to panic this week. In Italy and Spain (already degraded) in particular, tensions are rising, although they seem to be the new target markets. Moreover, the impact on the banks direct. They will have to review their capital allocation taking into account the appearance of more risky U.S. bonds they hold, as they impose the new international regulations, to strengthen the solvency of banks (Basel III).The recent bank stress tests, whose results were given there only three weeks, have already lost all credibility because they did not include either a restructuring of the Greek debt, or a deterioration note the United States.

Why such a lowering of note can threaten the global economy?

When the debt rating of long-term decline in the U.S., this means that more may not be refunded if the creditor is. However, the markets, the risk is remunerated by interest rates: if I am less sure of being repaid, so I request a higher rate. Thus, losing the "AAA", the U.S. interest rates at 5 years, 10, 20, 30, will mechanically increase.And if rates rise, it's a downward spiral of investment and consumption that will engage, which produces more unemployment, less tax revenue and public expenditure. This government deficits widen further, and sovereign debt. But during the past two weeks very turbulent markets, the U.S. long rates remained very low. There have never been so low, a sign of investor confidence.

There is still a little time, no one imagined the United States lose their AAA. How did they get there?

The problem the U.S. is that they have more flexibility, or a monetary point of view, or budget.On the one hand, monetary policy can not be more accommodating, having pumped billions and billions of dollars of liquidity into the markets and set the interest rate floor (they are between 0% and 0.5 %) to restore the U.S. economy weighed down by the subprime crisis that has capitulated Lehman Brothers, three years ago. On the other, public spending has been poorly controlled, while the U.S. tax burden is already high. Difficult in these conditions for fiscal consolidation.

It is like in Japan twenty years ago …

Exactly, you are right in the Japanese-style scenario. The United States could enter a situation of liquidity trap in which Japan was mired in the 1990s, but never really escape. Rates were zero and sluggish growth, while prices fell, leaving Japan trapped.United States, the U.S. central bank, the Fed is now more capable of supporting the U.S. economy, which has not really recovered from the crisis, according to the latest statistics. Growth for 2011 looks less than expected, despite the monetary support giant that has been deployed. It remains to be seen whether this will result in deflation (lower prices) or if inflation will return. The best case scenario would be the second, to prevent the United States is experiencing a "lost decade" in Japan.

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